Section 10 – Enumerated Powers and Acts of Congress
The Congress is granted these enumerated Powers and Acts only. The enumerated Powers are numbered one to six:
1) To provide Security against foreign danger.
To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years.
Of levying and borrowing money.
To declare War and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water.
To provide and maintain an Army, Army Reserve, Navy, Marines, Air Force, National Guard, Militia and Coast Guard. The National Guard is for the use of the States and shall be called to national duty only in the event of a declaration of war by both Houses of Congress, the vote to be 70% in the majority. The Militia is only for defense of the homeland in the event of an invasion and is to never be called to National duty. Only the States may call the Militia to duty. Such Adult Citizens as wish to be a part of the Militia will be given at a minimum the normal amount of military training given to a recruit. Currently, such training is 16 weeks to train up an infantry soldier.
To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces.
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the federal Military and the National Guard, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States and the Authority of training them all according to the discipline prescribed by Congress.
2) Regulation of the intercourse with foreign nations.
To make Treaties.
To end and receive ambassadors, other public ministers and Consuls.
To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations.
To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations. However, the government should encourage businesses to make their own business arrangements. Commercial treaties should be limited as much as possible to items such as fishing rights where it is nearly impossible for a business to negotiate with every fishing company in the world. All Citizens have standing to take Acts of the Commerce Power to court.
3) Maintenance of Harmony and Proper Intercourse Among the States.
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin.
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the current coin and securities of the United States.
To fix the standard of weights and measures.
To establish a uniform rule of naturalization.
To establish a uniform law of bankruptcy.
To prescribe the way the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of each State shall be proved, and the effect they shall have in other States.
4) Certain miscellaneous objects of general utility.
The Congress may vote to overturn a Supreme Court ruling. The vote to overturn must be 70% in each House.
Congress is mandated to devise methods for the Adult Citizens of the United States to overturn a legislative act, an Executive act and a Judicial act.
Congress shall devise a process whereby the Adult Citizens shall know that a Constitutional Crisis is underway. The process will allow the Executive, Legislative, Judiciary, States and Adult Citizens a path to declare a Constitutional Crisis. Once one is declared then the Constitutional Convention process must be followed within one month.
A power to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing, for forty years, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries.
To make all laws to establish the Executive bureaucracy.
The Congress shall have Power to lay and collect Taxes on all Inhabitants to pay the Debts. The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes from whatever source derived.
The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes on businesses, the rate not to exceed 1% of gross revenue. As we know, this tax will be passed-through to the Citizens using those products and will not count in their total tax calculation.
To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such as may, by cession of States and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States.
To declare the punishment of treason.
To admit new States into the Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress.
To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding one Mile square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings. However, for crimes such as murder, robbery and more, the States shall exercise the primary judicial and legislative authority.
To dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States.
To consider all debts contracted, and engagements entered, before the adoption of this Constitution, as being no less valid against the United States, under this Constitution, than under the Confederation.
5) Restraint of the States from certain injurious acts.
No State shall enter any treaty, alliance, or confederation.
No State shall grant letters of marque and reprisal.
No State shall coin money.
No State shall emit bills of credit.
No State shall make anything but gold and silver a legal tender in payment of debts.
No State shall pass any bill of attainder.
No State shall pass any ex-post-facto law.
No State shall pass any law impairing the obligation of contract.
No State shall grant any title of nobility.
No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imports or duties on imports or exports.
6) Provisions for giving due efficacy to all these powers.
This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land, and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives, and the members of the several State legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both United States and the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution.
To make all Laws which shall carry into Execution the Acts listed under the enumerated Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.